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Joint Guarantor: Is the Assignee Still a Debtor?
Droit-immobilier

Joint Guarantor: Is the Assignee Still a Debtor?

📅 Decision of 11 May 1995🔄 Updated on 16 October 2026⚖️ Cour de cassation👁️ 21 views📖 2 min read

A Court of Appeal which, exercising its sovereign discretion, found that under the terms of the lease the tenant remained jointly liable in the event of an assignment of the payment of the rent during the term of the lease, that the tenant's father had undertaken to pay the rents and charges if his son failed to fulfil the obligations he had assumed, and that the assignment deed had not extended the scope of the joint guarantor's undertaking, correctly deduced that the father is jointly liable with his son for the payment of arrears of rent in the event of default by the assignee of the lease.

Reference Decision: cc • No. 93-11.410 • 1995-05-11 • View Decision →

This decision provides important clarification on your property law. Here is what it changes for you.

The Situation

A Court of Appeal which, exercising its sovereign discretion, found that under the terms of the lease the tenant remained jointly liable in the event of an assignment of the payment of the rent during the term of the lease, that the tenant's father had undertaken to pay the rents and charges if his son failed to fulfil the obligations he had assumed, and that the assignment deed had not extended the scope of the joint guarantor's undertaking, correctly deduced that the father is jointly liable with his son for the payment of arrears of rent in the event of default by the assignee of the lease.

What the Law Says

This decision confirms the fundamental principles of property law.

Points to Remember

  • Strictly observe the statutory time limits for appeals
  • Keep all your supporting documents (titles, deeds, correspondence)
  • Anticipate: preventive advice always costs less than litigation

For an analysis of your situation: 30-minute consultation at €45 with Maître Zakine.

📌 Does this apply to your situation? Maître Cécile Zakine, French real estate lawyer, practises throughout France.
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Legal information

  • Number: 93-11.410
  • Court: Cour de cassation
  • Decision of: 11 May 1995

Keywords

droit immobilierjurisprudenceimmobilier

Practical use cases

1

Landlord seeks rent from guarantor after assignment

A landlord in Lyon rents an apartment to a student, whose father acts as guarantor. The student assigns the lease to a friend without extending the guarantor's obligation. The friend stops paying rent after six months, and the landlord demands arrears from the father.

Practical application:

The case law confirms that the father remains jointly liable for rent arrears incurred by the assignee, because his guarantee was not extended in the assignment deed. The landlord should first demand payment from the assignee, then from the father. To avoid future disputes, the landlord should require a new guarantee or an express extension of the existing guarantee at the time of assignment.

2

Guarantor surprised by liability after lease assignment

A father in Bordeaux guaranteed his son's lease for a two-year term. After one year, the son assigned the lease to a coworker without telling his father. The assignee defaults on rent for three months, and the landlord pursues the father for €3,000 in arrears.

Practical application:

Under this ruling, the father is still liable because his guarantee was not limited to the original tenant. The father should check the assignment deed: if it did not mention his guarantee, he may argue it was not extended. To protect himself, he should request a release from the landlord when his son assigns the lease, or require that any assignment terminates his guarantee.

3

Tenant assigns lease and wants guarantor released

A tenant in Nice assigns her lease to a new tenant and asks her father, the guarantor, to be released from any future liability. The landlord refuses, citing the original guarantee contract.

Practical application:

The case law holds that the guarantor remains liable unless the assignment deed explicitly releases him or limits his guarantee to the original tenant. The tenant should negotiate a release clause in the assignment deed. If the landlord refuses, the guarantor may seek a court order to terminate his obligation, but this is uncertain. The best practice is to have the assignee provide a new guarantor.

Maître Cécile Zakine

About the author

Maître Cécile Zakine — Lawyer at the Alpes-Maritimes Bar, Doctor of Law. Every article in this magazine is based on the analysis of a real court decision, commented and put into perspective by Maître Zakine’s team.

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Disclaimer: The analysis presented on this site is for informational purposes only and does not constitute personalised legal advice. For advice tailored to your situation, contact a qualified lawyer.

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