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Cannabis Whose Cultivation Is
Droit Immobilier

Cannabis Whose Cultivation Is

📅 Décision du 09 March 1992⚖️ Cour de cassation👁️ 17 vues📖 2 min de lecture

Cannabis whose cultivation is punishable under Articles L. 626 and L. 627 of the Public Health Code is defined, not by reference to the regulatory provisions of said Code or to the community regulation of the hemp market, but by reference to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 30 March 1961, which has superior authority over domestic law pursuant to Article 55 of the Constitution (1). This convention, which moreover excludes the cultivation of the cannabis plant for industrial purposes from its scope, makes no distinction between cultivation of cannabis for trafficking and cultivation for personal use; on the contrary, its Articles 23 and 28 specify that the cannabis producer is required to deliver the entire harvest to the national control body.

Reference decision: cc • N° 90-87.478 • 1992-03-09 • View the decision →

This decision provides important insight into your real estate law. Here is what it changes for you.

The situation

Cannabis whose cultivation is punishable under Articles L. 626 and L. 627 of the Public Health Code is defined, not by reference to the regulatory provisions of said Code or to the community regulation of the hemp market, but by reference to the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 30 March 1961, which has superior authority over domestic law pursuant to Article 55 of the Constitution (1). This convention, which moreover excludes the cultivation of the cannabis plant for industrial purposes from its scope, makes no distinction between cultivation of cannabis for trafficking and cultivation for personal use; on the contrary, its Articles 23 and 28 specify that the cannabis producer is required to deliver the entire harvest to the national control body.

What the law says

This decision confirms the fundamental principles of property law.

Key points

  • Scrupulously observe the statutory time limits for appeals.
  • Keep all your supporting documents (title deeds, notarial acts, correspondence).
  • Be proactive: preventive advice is always cheaper than litigation.

For an analysis of your situation: 30-min consultation for €45 with Maître Zakine.

📌 Does this apply to your situation? Maître Cécile Zakine, French real estate lawyer, practises throughout France.
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Informations juridiques

  • Numéro: 90-87.478
  • Juridiction: Cour de cassation
  • Date de décision: 09 mars 1992

Mots-clés

droit immobilierjurisprudenceimmobilier

Cas d'usage pratiques

1

Landlord discovers tenant cultivating cannabis

You own a flat in Lyon rented for €800 per month. During an inspection, you find 20 cannabis plants and growing equipment. The tenant claims it is for personal medical use.

Application pratique:

Under the 1961 Single Convention as upheld by the Court of Cassation, any cannabis cultivation (except industrial under strict control) is illegal, with no distinction for personal use. You must immediately report this to the police to avoid being seen as complicit. Document the scene with photos and a written statement. Serve a formal notice to the tenant to cease illegal activity and seek legal advice for eviction proceedings based on breach of lease terms.

2

First-time buyer concerned about past cannabis cultivation

You are buying a house in Bordeaux for €350,000. The seller discloses that the basement was used to grow cannabis five years ago, but assures it has been cleaned. You worry about structural damage or hidden liabilities.

Application pratique:

This decision confirms that cannabis cultivation is a criminal offence irrespective of scale, and the obligation to deliver the entire harvest to authorities means any such activity must have been reported. Request full disclosure of any police reports or remediation work. Commission a specialist survey for mould, electrical hazards, and chemical residue. If evidence of unreported cultivation surfaces, you may have grounds to rescind the purchase or negotiate a price reduction. Consult a property solicitor before signing.

3

Co-owner troubled by neighbour’s cannabis plants

You live in a Parisian apartment building. A co-owner is growing a dozen cannabis plants on his balcony, causing strong odours and attracting pests. The syndic (property manager) is reluctant to act.

Application pratique:

The Court of Cassation's ruling makes clear that any non-industrial cannabis cultivation is illegal, and the grower must hand over the entire crop to authorities. You should report this to the police as it is a criminal matter. Inform the syndic in writing, citing this legal principle, and demand they enforce the building's rules against nuisance and illegal activities. If no action is taken, call a general meeting of co-owners to vote on legal action against the offending co-owner. Keep a log of dates, times, and effects of the nuisance.

Maître Cécile Zakine

À propos de l'auteur

Maître Cécile Zakine — Avocate au Barreau des Alpes-Maritimes, Docteur en Droit. Chaque article de ce magazine est rédigé à partir de l'analyse d'une décision de jurisprudence réelle, commentée et mise en perspective par les équipes de Maître Zakine.

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